The gods
Each one, and how it changed.
Grouped by the role they played rather than by a family tree, because the genealogies contradict each other between cities and between centuries, and the Egyptians never resolved that. Each group carries one of the six pigments actually available to an Egyptian painter.
Solar
7 gods
The sun and everything that rides with it. Not one god but a role, which several gods occupy at different hours and in different centuries.
Ra
rꜥHeliopolis
The sun · Kingship · Creation
Hathor
ḥwt-ḥrDendera
Love · Music · Motherhood · The sky · Foreign mines
Khepri
ḫprjHeliopolis
The rising sun · Becoming · Renewal
Khonsu
ḫnswThebes
The moon · Time · Healing
Montu
mnṯwArmant and Thebes
War · The sun's fierce aspect
Nefertem
nfr-tmMemphis
The lotus · Perfume · The first sunrise
The Aten
jtnAkhetaten, modern Amarna
The sun disc itself · Light · Life
Osirian
5 gods
The family at the centre of the only Egyptian myth most people can name: murder, search, resurrection and a succession dispute that ran eighty years.
Osiris
wsjrAbydos
The dead · Resurrection · Fertility
Isis
ꜣstPhilae, and Behbeit el-Hagar
Magic · Kingship · Protection · Motherhood
Horus
ḥrEdfu, Hierakonpolis
Kingship · The sky · Vengeance
Set
stẖOmbos, Avaris
Storms · The desert · Disorder · Foreign lands
Nephthys
nbt-ḥwtNo major temple of her own until late; worshipped alongside Isis
Mourning · Protection of the dead · Night
Ennead
4 gods
The nine of Heliopolis, the oldest surviving account of how the world was made. A cosmology and a genealogy at once.
Creator
9 gods
Gods credited with making everything, by four different cities, in four incompatible ways. Egypt never chose between them.
Thoth
ḏḥwtyHermopolis
Writing · Wisdom · The moon · Reckoning time
Amun
jmnThebes
Hidden power · Creation · Kingship
Ptah
ptḥMemphis
Craftsmen · Creation through speech · Memphis
Maat
mꜣꜥtWorshipped throughout Egypt rather than centred anywhere
Truth · Cosmic order · Justice
Atum
jtmHeliopolis
Creation · Completion · The setting sun
Khnum
ẖnmwElephantine, and Esna
The potter's wheel · The Nile cataract · Making bodies
Neith
ntSais, in the Delta
War · Weaving · Creation · Protection of the dead
Seshat
sšꜣtNo independent temple; present in every foundation ritual
Writing · Measurement · Records · Architecture
Imhotep
jj-m-ḥtpMemphis and Saqqara
Medicine · Architecture · Wisdom
Protective
9 gods
Household, childbirth, poison and war. The gods most Egyptians actually prayed to, as opposed to the ones the state paid for.
Sekhmet
sḫmtMemphis
War · Plague · Healing
Bastet
bꜣsttBubastis
Home · Protection · Cats · Fertility
Mut
mwtThebes, at Karnak
Motherhood · Queenship · Protection
Nekhbet
nḫbtNekheb, modern El Kab
Upper Egypt · Kingship · Childbirth
Wadjet
wꜣḏtButo, in the Delta
Lower Egypt · Kingship · The uraeus
Taweret
tꜣ-wrtNone. Worshipped in houses rather than temples
Childbirth · Household protection · Fertility
Bes
bsNone. A god of houses
Childbirth · The household · Music · Warding off evil
Serqet
srqtNo major cult centre; her priests were practitioners
Scorpions · Venom · Protection of the dead
Meretseger
mrt-sgrDeir el-Medina and the Valley of the Kings
The Theban peak · Punishment and mercy
Underworld
5 gods
The dead, the judgement and the things waiting in the twelve hours of the night.
Anubis
jnpwCynopolis
Embalming · Cemeteries · Judgement
Apophis
ꜥꜣppNone; never worshipped
Chaos · Dissolution
Wepwawet
wp-wꜣwtAsyut
Opening the way · War · Cemeteries
Sokar
skrMemphis and Saqqara
The Memphite necropolis · Craftsmen of the dead · Regeneration
Ammit
ꜥm-mwtNone. Never worshipped
Devouring the condemned · Final death
River and land
3 gods
The inundation, the crocodile, the potter's wheel and the harvest. The gods of the thing Egypt actually was: a river.